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Journal of the American
Society of Brewing Chemists
Volume 55: Number 2 (Spring 1997)
Publication no. J-1997-0420-02R
Evaluation of Rapid Colloidal Stabilization
with Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP).
I. McMurrough (1), D. Madigan, and R. J. Kelly, Guinness Brewing Worldwide Research Centre,
St. James's Gate, Dublin 8, Ireland. (1) Present address: 28 Longcliffe Dr., Ainsdale,
Southport, England PR8 3PR. Phone: (01704) 571406. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 55(2):38-43.
Accepted March 3, 1997. Copyright 1997 by the American Society of Brewing Chemists, Inc.
Abstract
Several colorimetric, chromatographic, and nephelometric tests
were compared as tools for monitoring the rapid (<3 days) colloidal stabilization of
lager beers by a combination of cold filtration at -1°C and treatments with
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP). No significant changes in composition were detected
during storage of beer for seven days at -1°C prior to filtration on a bench scale.
The effects of dosage on a pilot-scale with different
amounts of recoverable PVPP (10-50 g/hl) or single-use PVPP (10-20 g/hl) on total
polyphenols, total flavanols, simple flavanoids, protein sensitivity,
alcohol-cooling haze, and tannoids were
compared with concomitant changes in colloidal stability, as revealed by accelerated aging
at both 37 and 60°C. Close correlations were found between the results of the
haze forcing tests and all tests other than the tannoid measurement made on
freshly bottled beers.
Although decreases in the contents of the simple
flavanoids related most closely to improvements in colloidal stability, the alcohol-cooling
test was also a useful indicator of stabilization effectiveness. The colloidal
stabilities of beers aged at 37°C were related to both the amounts of simple flavanoids
that were oxidized during aging and also to the contents of tannoids in the aged beers.
Treatment with recoverable PVPP at the highest rate
effectively stabilized the sample beer by adsorbing both the simple flavanoid precursors
of chill haze and the tannoid components of protein-polyphenol complexes.
Keywords: Alcohol-cooling haze, Haze stabilization,
Polyphenols, Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, Simple flavanoids, Tannoids. |